how many languages did henry wadsworth longfellow speak

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was an American poet who used narrative poems to memorialize people and events in American history, including Paul Revere. Aspiring to scholarly recognition beyond Brunswick, Longfellow also regularly wrote essays on French, Spanish, and Italian languages and literatures for the North American Review between 1831 and 1833. [99] Much of his poetry imparts cultural and moral values, particularly focused on life being more than material pursuits. 8.8.8.8. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was one of the most widely known and best-loved American poets of the 19th century. [142] In reality, his life was much more difficult than was assumed. I do not believe that I was born for such a lot. [86] The next year, he declined an offer to be nominated for the Board of Overseers at Harvard "for reasons very conclusive to my own mind". In many ways Longfellow may be read as a friend of American multiculturalism even if Hiawatha ultimately exocitizes Native peoples and their culture. [57], The small collection Poems on Slavery was published in 1842 as Longfellow's first public support of abolitionism. [67], On June 14, 1853, Longfellow held a farewell dinner party at his Cambridge home for his friend Nathaniel Hawthorne, who was preparing to move overseas. Elected to the Peucinian Society, he mixed with the academically ambitious students of the college (more serious than his brother or than classmates Nathaniel Hawthorne, Franklin Pierce, and Horatio Bridgeall belonging to the Athenean Society). In late 1839, Longfellow published Hyperion, inspired by his trips abroad[54] and his unsuccessful courtship of Fanny Appleton. Even if time has proved him something less than the master poet he never claimed to be, Longfellow made pioneering contributions to American literary life by exemplifying the possibility of a successful authorial career, by linking American poetry to European traditions beyond England, and by developing a surprisingly wide readership for Romantic poetry. 1807-1882. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. - The witches speak in trochaic tetrameter; incomplete, unsettling, incantatory method of speaking. What type of household did Longfellow grow up in? Longfellow never considered it complete enough to be published during his lifetime, but a posthumous edition was collected in 1883. Their second-youngest daughter was Edith who married Richard Henry Dana III, son of Richard Henry Dana, Jr. who wrote Two Years Before the Mast. [147] A public monument by Franklin Simmons was erected in Longfellows birthplace of Portland, Maine, in September 1888. / Sail on, O UNION, strong and great! President Abraham Lincoln, hearing these lines recited in the midst of the Civil War, is reported to have wept before remarking, It is a wonderful gift to be able to stir men like that. [24] He traveled to France, Spain, Italy, Germany, back to France, then to England before returning to the United States in mid-August 1829. Example filename evangeline_##_longfellow.mp3; Example ID3 V2 tags Title: ## - [Part number] Artist: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Album: Evangeline That poem appeared in one of those assemblages of short poems, identified as Birds of Passage, that Longfellow introduced in The Courtship of Miles Standish and Other Poems and returned to frequently in subsequent volumes. Partly because of his publishers zeal for promoting Longfellows poetry, books came in quick succession even at a point in his life when creative efforts flagged. 1385 likes. He prepared himself further with study abroad (at his own . In 1909, a statue of Longfellow was unveiled in Washington, DC, sculpted by William Couper. His travel sketches, Outre-Mer (1835), did not succeed. Despite the frustrations Longfellow experienced in his new vocation, there was personal happiness. [40] She did not recover and died after several weeks of illness at the age of 22 on November 29, 1835. [121], Contemporaneous writer Edgar Allan Poe wrote to Longfellow in May 1841 of his "fervent admiration which [your] genius has inspired in me" and later called him "unquestionably the best poet in America". Request a transcript here. [65] Their daughter Fanny was born on April 7, 1847, and Dr. Nathan Cooley Keep administered ether to the mother as the first obstetric anesthetic in the United States. He was too restless to take a carriage and walked 90 minutes to meet her at her house. Longfellows achievements in fictional and nonfictional prose, in a striking variety of poetic forms and modes, and in translation from many European languages resulted in a remarkably productive and influential literary career. How many languages did he speak? During his lifetime Longfellow was loved and admired both at home and abroad. [13] He boarded with a clergyman for a time before rooming on the third floor[14] in 1823 of what is now known as Winthrop Hall. Hiawatha is an Ojibwa Indian who, after various mythic feats, becomes his peoples leader and marries Minnehaha before departing for the Isles of the Blessed. His father was a lawyer, and his maternal grandfather was Peleg Wadsworth, a general in the American Revolutionary War and a Member of Congress. [76] His facial injuries led him to stop shaving, and he wore a beard from then on which became his trademark. The same lesson might well have applied to the offspring of his imagination that he applied in A Shadow (1875) when wondering how his and Fannys children would fare in lives So full of beauty and so full of dread, however unpredictable. As a memorial to their father, Longfellow's children donated land across Brattle Street and facing the family home to the City of Cambridge, which became Longfellow Park. A third trip to Europe followed in 1842, when Longfellow took a brief leave of absence from professorial tasks to travel for his health. He possessed great metrical skill, but he failed to capture the American spirit like his great contemporary Walt Whitman, and his work generally lacked emotional depth and imaginative power. Why did Henry Wadsworth Longfellow write a Psalm of Life? His last few years were spent translating the poetry of Michelangelo. However, as Longfellow himself wrote, the poems were "so mild that even a Slaveholder might read them without losing his appetite for breakfast". Richard Henry Stoddard summed up Longfellows contribution in an 1881 essay, pointing out how Longfellow remained true to himself and to his scholarly impulses by creating and satisfying a taste for a literature which did not exist in this country until he began to write. In so doing, Longfellow had not only disseminated European stories, sensibilities, and versification but also enlarged our sympathies until they embrace other peoples than ours. Two decades later, Thomas Wentworth Higginson saluted his former professors contribution to American literature in enriching and refining it and giving it a cosmopolitan culture, and an unquestioned standing in the literary courts of the civilized world. For immediate publication, in three months beginning late in 1857 he composed the title poem for The Courtship of Miles Standish and Other Poems (1858). Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (February 27, 1807 March 24, 1882) was an American poet and educator. [6], Longfellow was descended from English colonists who settled in New England in the early 1600s. Longfellow himself recognized that most of his poems belonged to the imitative rather than the imaginative school of art that his spokesman Paul Flemming distinguished in Hyperion. [56] After returning, he published the play The Spanish Student in 1842, reflecting his memories from his time in Spain in the 1820s. 1835 Some attribute the phrase to Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, who wrote in 1835, "Music is the universal language of mankind,poetry their universal pastime and delight."* Henry Wadsworth Longfellow wrote sixteen volumes of poetry, including some long poems. But parody did nothing to undermine the success of the book; even more marketable than Evangeline, Hiawatha sold 50,000 copies by 1860 and earned 7,000 dollars in royalties in its first decade. I also believe I am substantially better at speaking than writing I am Excellent in relationship development and maintenance Streamlining the sales marketing process for companies and . He also found himself overburdened with instructional tasksintroducing students to the rudiments of various languages and developing teaching materials he could use in classes to replace rote recitation of grammar with literary conversation and translation. Longfellow attended private schools and the Portland Academy. Answer and Explanation: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow had six children. See answer (1) Copy. In a word, we want a national literature altogether shaggy and unshorn, that shall shake the earth, like a herd of buffaloes thundering over the prairies. His reputation could also benefit from renewed critical respect for sentimentalism, especially as that respect gets extended to male authors. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807 - 1882) was America's most beloved nineteenth-century poet, . 'Adieu, Adieu! For other uses, see. Pegasus in Pound (1846), by contrast, offers a humorous rebuke to the pragmatic, materialistic Yankee culture that confined arts winged steed and handled him as a piece of property. The poem was extensively reviewed, translated into German by Ferdinand Freiligrath in 1856, and set to music as well as featured in dramatic performances. [118] Scholar Bliss Perry suggests that criticizing Longfellow at that time was almost a criminal act equal to "carrying a rifle into a national park". Also at age 13 he passed the entrance examinations for Bowdoin College, although his parents chose to have both Henry and Stephen complete their freshman studies at Portland Academy and delay the 20-mile move to Brunswick and the new college until their sophomore year. Hyatt Waggoner observed the irony of Longfellows having been most appreciated in his own time for A Psalm of Life, noting that though it intends to mean that life is worth living after all, what it effectively does mean is that life must be worth living but the poet cant think why. He achieved a level of national and international prominence previously unequaled in the literary history of the United States and is one of the few American writers honored in the Poets Corner of Westminster Abbeyin fact, he is believed to be the first as his bust was installed there in 1884. Inspired by social concerns raised by both writers, Longfellow devoted the voyage home to writing seven of the eight poems published on his return as Poems on Slavery (1842). Test. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was born on February 27, 1807 in Portland, to Stephen and Zilpah Longfellow. The trustees raised his salary to $800 with an additional $100 to serve as the college's librarian, a post which required one hour of work per day. I'm gwine." Volumes of selected poems emerged along with reprintings of earlier books and individual poems in varied formats and price ranges. Farnham, Russell Clare and Dorthy Evelyn Crawford. Their children were: Alice Mary born in about 1850, Ernest Wadsworth born in about 1845, Charles Appleton born in about 1844, Fanny born in about 1847 and died in 1848, Edith born in 1853, and Anne Allegra born in 1855. Now that he had discovered his voice and his audience as a poet, Longfellow achieved personal happiness as well. Based on Chippewa (Ojibway) culture and traditions as represented by Henry Rowe Schoolcraft and John Tanner, on John G. E. Heckewelders defense of Delaware culture, and on Longfellows acquaintance with an Ojibway chief who stayed at his house, the poem also drew on widespread literary and visual representations of the West to construct what Longfellow called his Indian Edda. Edda reflects the Scandinavian influences also evident in this poem, most remarkably in the unrhymed trochaic meter he borrowed from the Kalevala, a Finnish folk epic composed by Elias Lnrott. SOLO: Evangeline, by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow-neb. When Longfellow graduated, the college gave him a chair in modern languages, and he worked with translations for the rest of his life. Hoffmann,Hans Christian Andersen,William Butler Yeats,Henry van Dyke,Leo . Longfellow was doubtless drawn to the cross as an emblem of Christian suffering. 1909-14. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was one of the most widely known and best-loved American poets of the 19th century. He was awarded an honorary doctorate of laws from Harvard in 1859. [22] His time abroad lasted three years and cost his father $2,604.24,[23] the equivalent of over $67,000 today. Again, he sought solace by flinging himself into his work. He's a visual artist and a political activist for the American Indian Movement. Most of his publications for the next few years involved textbooks for students of Spanish, French, and Italian. He wrote and edited textbooks, translated poetry and prose, and wrote essays on French, Spanish, and Italian literature, but he felt isolated. Longfellow's father was eager to have his son become a lawyer. He produced one of the first complete, and in many respects still the best, English translations of The Divine Comedy in 1867. [92] His published poetry shows great versatility, using anapestic and trochaic forms, blank verse, heroic couplets, ballads, and sonnets. He considered moving to New York after New York University proposed offering him a newly created professorship of modern languages, but there would be no salary. [1] The song tells of the narrator hearing Christmas bells during the American Civil War, but despairing that "hate is strong and mocks the song of peace on earth, good will to men". She died shortly after 10 the next morning, July 10, after requesting a cup of coffee. concludes, interrogates conventional concepts of language, time, space, unified character . [77] Longfellow was very quiet, reserved, and private; in later years, he was known for being unsocial and avoided leaving home.[144]. Other libraries with Longfellow materials include the Bowdoin College Library; the Massachusetts Historical Society; the Boston Public Library; the Pierpont Morgan Library; the Berg Collection, New York Public Library; the Library of Congress; the Clifton Wallen Barrett Library, University of Virginia; the Henry E. Huntington Library; the Parkman Dexter Howe Library, University of Florida; and the University of Washington Library. [141] As James Russell Lowell said, Longfellow had an "absolute sweetness, simplicity, and modesty". He followed this work with two fragmentary dramatic poems, Judas Maccabaeus and Michael Angelo. But his genius was not dramatic, as he had demonstrated earlier in The Spanish Student (1843). [27] Irving encouraged the young Longfellow to pursue writing. She was in and out of consciousness throughout the night and was administered ether. Help . 1807 - Henry Wadsworth Longfellow born in Portland before it was transferred from Massachusetts to Maine; American poet of the fireside school. Scientists at Harvard have just published the most comprehensive scientific study to date on music as a cultural product, which supports the American poet's pronouncement and examines what features of song tend to be shared across . 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars. That same year Longfellow published Hyperion, a romantic novel idealizing his European travels. That ordeal touched his family directly in late 1862, when Charles Longfellow was wounded while fighting for the Union army; his father and brother made an anxious trip to Washington to escort him home. This period was also one of experimentation in dramatic writing, although publication of The Spanish Student was delayed until 1843. Chapter 4 / Lesson 6. Longfellows most ambitious effort in prose, Hyperion blended the sketchbook attributes of Outre-Mer with elements of the Romance as Longfellow developed the fictional persona of Paul Flemming to act out his lingering grief for Mary, rejected love for Fanny, and poetical aspirations spurred by German authors. from. [5] He was the second of eight children. Written for the 15th reunion of his Bowdoin College class, it is a memorable reflection on aging and is Longfellows most admired ode. The next decade proved one of leave-takings for Longfellow but also of exceptional accomplishment. He was also the first American to translate Dante Alighieri's The Divine Comedy and was one of the five members of the group known as the . 4.3.1: The Pioneers (1823) is shared under a not declared license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. Birth Year: 1807. Longfellow thanked his readers in the Dedication to The Seaside and the Fireside (1849), which assured all those distant friends responsive to his poetry that If any thought of mine, or sung or told, / Has ever given delight or consolation, / Ye have repaid me back a thousand-fold, / By every friendly sign and salutation. As the title indicates, this book maintained a balance between poems of nature invoking in various ways the poets Portland boyhood and oceanic travels and poems of home lifenotably Resignation, an elegy for his year-old daughter Fanny. [97] The death of his second wife Frances, as biographer Charles Calhoun wrote, deeply affected Longfellow personally but "seemed not to touch his poetry, at least directly". if ever fondest prayer' 7. Many of Longfellows efforts now took dramatic form, although none proved suitable for staging. Wiki User. He did not cross the threshold, did not offer me his hand,only took off his cap, saying, with a traitorous falter in his voice, "God bless yer, Missis! [137] In the 20th century, literary scholar Kermit Vanderbilt noted: "Increasingly rare is the scholar who braves ridicule to justify the art of Longfellow's popular rhymings. Public speaking provided other outlets for Henrys artistic and rhetorical skills at Bowdoin: in his Junior Exhibition performance he anticipated The Song of Hiawatha (1855) by speaking as a North American Savage in a dialogue with an English settler, and his commencement address argued for redirection of national values in support of Our American Authors. [68] In 1854, he retired from Harvard,[69] devoting himself entirely to writing. There were still poems drawn from Longfellows travels and his readings in European literatures, but the most celebrated poem of the book was among his most patriotic pieces. [136] Many of his works helped shape the American character and its legacy, particularly with the poem "Paul Revere's Ride". [50] Poet John Greenleaf Whittier said that Longfellow's poetry illustrated "the careful moulding by which art attains the graceful ease and chaste simplicity of nature". Possibly his 2 most famous poems are 'Paul Revere's Ride' and 'The Song of Hiawatha'. In 1842 his Ballads and Other Poems, containing such favourites as The Wreck of the Hesperus and The Village Blacksmith, swept the nation. [18], After graduating in 1825, Longfellow was offered a job as professor of modern languages at his alma mater. His first wife, Mary Potter, died in 1835 after a miscarriage. [119] He was such an admired figure in the United States during his life that his 70th birthday in 1877 took on the air of a national holiday, with parades, speeches, and the reading of his poetry. A monument featuring a bas relief of Miles Standish, Sadalphon, the Village Blacksmith, the Spanish Student, Evangeline, and Hiawatha, characters from Longfellows works, was dedicated in October 1914. [96], As a very private man, Longfellow did not often add autobiographical elements to his poetry. [80] The full three-volume translation was published in the spring of 1867, but Longfellow continued to revise it. The leading poet of the Victorian era, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807-1882) contributed to the development of a distinctly American literature. New Critics looked for ironies, ambiguities, and complexities not discoverable in Longfellows work and rejected the didactic conclusions he typically tacked onto his poems. Flashcards. Again, Longfellow coped with sorrow by plunging himself into literary workthis time of an intensely challenging sort. [134], Longfellow was the most popular poet of his day. [94] Much of his work is recognized for its melodious musicality. Although Churchills failure results most of all from his own limitationshis inattentiveness to sources of inspiration nearest at hand and his lack of driving literary commitmentit also reflects the indifference of Americans to artistic aspirations not in tune with the chauvinistic bombast of the comical magazine editor of the book, who calls for a national literature altogether shaggy and unshorn, that shall shake the earth, like a herd of buffaloes thundering over the prairies. on 13 Jul 1843 in Cambridge, Middlesex Co., MA; they had the following. A translation of this work had been among his goals when teaching Dante at Harvard, and he had translated small parts of the poem in the early 1840s. All day I am weary and sad". [66] His literary income was increasing considerably; in 1840, he had made $219 from his work, but 1850 brought him $1,900. . Longfellow met Boston industrialist Nathan Appleton and his family in the town of Thun, Switzerland, including his son Thomas Gold Appleton. [11] He studied at the Portland Academy until age 14. After falling in love with 17-year-old Frances Appleton, Longfellow returned to Heidelberg to escort Marys friend Clara Crowninshield home to the US. 6 Oct 1779 in New Ipswich, NH, d. 14 Jul 1861 in Boston, Suffolk Co., MA, and Maria Theresa Gold b. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (February 27, 1807 - March 24, 1882) was an American poet whose works include "Paul Revere's Ride", The Song of Hiawatha, and "Evangeline". Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, (born February 27, 1807, Portland, Massachusetts [now in Maine], U.S.died March 24, 1882, Cambridge, Massachusetts), the most popular American poet in the 19th century, known for such works as The Song of Hiawatha (1855) and "Paul Revere's Ride" (1863). . [88] In March 1882, Longfellow went to bed with severe stomach pain. Longfellow intended the anthology "to bring together, into a compact and convenient form, as large an amount as possible of those English translations which are scattered through many volumes, and are not accessible to the general reader". Out of the bosom of the Air, Out of the cloud-folds of her garments shaken, Over the woodlands brown and bare, Over the harvest-fields forsaken, Silent, and soft, and slow Descends the snow. . Aside from a leg injury that nearly resulted in amputation when he was eight, Henry apparently enjoyed his school friendships and outdoor recreation both in Portland and at his Grandfather Wadsworths new home in Hiram, Maine. "[64], He and Fanny had six children: Charles Appleton (18441893), Ernest Wadsworth (18451921), Fanny (18471848), Alice Mary (18501928), Edith (18531915), and Anne Allegra (18551934). Sweetness, gentleness, simplicity, and a romantic vision shaded by melancholy are the characteristic features of Longfellows poetry. He also left a loving family and grateful readers who have continued to honor him by erecting statues and naming parks and schools for him, Evangeline, and Hiawatha. At present, however, Longfellow has been relegated to the status of an historically interesting minor poet whose poems occupy only a few pages in recent anthologies and do so in ways that obscure the reasons for his original popularity. M. Brook Taylor, "The Poetry and Prose of History: W. S. Tryon, "Nationalism and International Copyright: Tennyson and Longfellow in America,", Edward L. Tucker, "References in Longfellow's, S. Ullmann, "Composite Metaphors in Longfellow's Poetry,", Hyatt H. Waggoner, "Five New England Poets: The Shape of Things to Come," in his, Thomas Wortham, "William Cullen Bryant and the Fireside Poets," in. The Fireside poets. Learn. Five years earlier Longfellow was one of many who believed the time for peace had passed with John Brown's execution for attempting to arm slaves . "End of Evangeline, by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow." There should be 5 seconds silence at the end of the recording, or 10 seconds for files longer than 30 minutes. Near Interlaken he met Nathan Appleton, a wealthy Boston merchant, and continued his journey with Appleton and Appletons charming and accomplished family. [9] His grandfather was a founder of the college[12] and his father was a trustee. [89] He had been suffering from peritonitis. Corn Laws abolished Henry Mayhew's London Labour and the London Poor begins publication in The Morning Chronicle (two volumes published 1852; four volumes 1862) Charles Dickens's David Copperfield begins serial publication (volume publication 1850) . Co., MA ; they had the following public monument by Franklin Simmons was erected Longfellows... Spent translating the poetry of Michelangelo to be published during his lifetime, but a posthumous edition was in! The best, English translations of the fireside school James Russell Lowell said, Longfellow with! Of life his lifetime, but Longfellow continued to revise it 134 ], requesting. In 1842 as Longfellow 's first public support of abolitionism he met Nathan Appleton Appletons! [ 99 ] Much of his Bowdoin College class, it is a reflection. ( 1843 ) intensely challenging sort, July 10, after requesting a of. The full three-volume translation was published in the Spanish Student was delayed until 1843 ]. And/Or curated by LibreTexts sweetness, gentleness, simplicity, and continued his journey Appleton! Washington, DC, sculpted by William Couper many ways Longfellow may be read as very... Pioneers ( 1823 ) is shared under a not declared license and was administered ether been suffering from.. The Pioneers ( 1823 ) is shared under a not declared license and was administered.. 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