Ive interviewed at elite boutiques, middle-market banks, regional boutiques, corporate development groups, and in the valuation groups of a few upper-middle-market and mega-fund PE firms, but have not yet landed an offer for which Ive been happy enough to leave my current firm. In contrast to these three groups, the Corporate Finance and Restructuring teams are much closer to investment banking. Required Background: MBA or other applicable post-graduate degree obtained by June 2023, or equivalent experience; 2+ years of full-time work experience;. Thanks! Also, keeping in mind that the job markets I will target will be European. Many new graduates can expect good salaries, long hours, lots of travel and lifelong contacts. Corporate Tax or Audit at Big 4 (Better Opportunities) This poll is closed Corporate Tax or Audit for Better Exit Opportunities Corporate Tax 20% Audit 80% A DreamChaser111 4 Hi guys, Which one out of Audit and Corporate Tax at the Big 4 allows career progression within practice? A: Non-Big-4 firms pay less for entry-level positions than Big 4 firms, but that difference diminishes as you advance. Big 4 Valuations - Exit Opportunities I would love to hear your opinion on how long a newbie associate should intend to stay in a Big 4 valuations role, whether IB, Equity Research, Private Equity, etc. But you also have to be realistic, especially when it comes to winning highly competitive jobs. These groups offer such nice side doors that you might even turn down a Big 4 full-time offer to work in one as our reader today did: Through the Side Door and into a Non-Big-4 Firm. Jorge has been Investing in Real Estate for over 15 years. I really dont know, sorry. i heard its useful for wealth management but not M&A. Find out about big movements as they happen and have the tools to cat on them. Not sure if this exists in the US but other parts of the world also have a dedicated modelling team which sit close to the valuation team. Which role do you think has better chance of transitioning to IB? Im based in Canada and open to relocate to US/UK if easier. Question: I am a 27 year old engineer male, passed cfa level 1, with 2.8 years work ex at Morningstar, Senior Research Associate. ), MBA. 10 yrs of accounting + auditing) if they should leave out those experience off the resume if applying for the analyst/associate level opening at PE? Basis my profile, can you enlighten me about what i can expect in this role and what are my exit opportunities. I had a friend who worked in B4 Val., transitioned to another IB's valuation arm and then eventually into their IB division. Im in London if that helps and already had an investment banking spring week, along with a consulting one and asset management one. It's not impossible, but IMPROBABLE to exit to Private Equity from Audit, unless you mean working there as an Accountant and not on the Investment team. Cross-border excahnge doesn't exist in my current market, which is the principal reason the moves seems attractive to me. Interested in making a move to sell-side IB and have a great network to lean on to potentially make this happen. Graduating from a non-target in the spring. Thanks. Required fields are marked *, Copyright 2022 | TheSwiftExit.com.All Rights Reserved | Privacy Policy| Terms & Conditions, Break out of Accounting & Audit | Advice, Articles & Community | TheSwiftExit, In this mini-series, we explore some of the most talked about. And they're there on LinkedIn. Thanks for all the perspectives and data points. Valuation at another firm/valuation at a PE/HF, which is a middle office role: 40%, IB: 20% (about 75% boutiques with some MMs and low tier BBs), CD: 8% (usually at large private or small public companies but some notable names like GE), Other like econ consulting, corporate strategy, HF, PWM: 12%. Or would you recommend to go for a PE or CF boutique directly if possible? Please refer to our full privacy policy. Keeping track of Big 4 salaries/bonuses each year adds exactly $0 to my revenue, given that its not at all the core focus of this site, so it is not very high on the priority list. Corporates and PE firms often dont have the spare capacity (at the Analyst-level) to develop detailed financial models / valuations when engaging in M&A activity, yet valuations are crucial to having a good understanding of whether the price youre offering when buying (or receiving when selling) a business/asset represents good value for money. Corporates and PE firms often dont have the, Depending on the size of the client, the in-house Corporate Development / M&A team may own the valuation model and the Big 4 team will purely, Note that very large corporates will even have their own Finance / Valuations team in-house, and thus Big 4 team involvement will likely be restricted to, This mini-series intended to give you a quick and dirty overview to some of the most talked about, Now if this is an area youre considering, I strongly encourage you to check out our map of the landscape of, A lot of the clients we coach ask about moving into, Weve created a digital guide specifically to help those of you applying for more commercial & strategic roles. But sometimes MDs ask us to think about potential targets if they have special relationships with client companies. But internal audit actually has a lot to offer: It boasts a great work-life balance; there are no month-end or quarter-end closes, making for a steady, consistent schedule. [14] Impact [ edit] I answered that by explaining that the advisory role was mostly accounting-related, and I wanted to gain financial modeling experience and exposure to Fortune 500 clients. You will be at a disadvantage next to candidates who completed internships more closely related to IB, such as PE or search funds, but you can still win IB internships. 2. In particular, its difficult to get promoted beyond the Manager level because few people leave the job at that stage, and you need to start showing evidence of your ability to generate revenue to advance. The average is around 300 billable hours per month, and these engagements often take 4-6 months to complete. Thanks for visiting! I am 33 years old started working as an associate in accounting& payroll services in PwC about 14 months ago, now I got an offer from Deloitte as an associate in TS with little higher salary. Since 2022 was a terrible year for most finance firms, including banks and the Big 4, bonuses are now lower and below the ones here. In terms of Plan B options for winning IB/PE roles, my view is that corporate banking and even independent business valuation firms come out ahead. Finally, the Integration Services team assists with the post-merger integration process when the buyer and sellers financials, taxes, reporting, and other systems must line up. Hic et possimus nemo omnis reprehenderit nihil. My first round was a phone interview with an MD in charge of recruiting for the office; he asked a mix of fit and technical questions (on DCFs and valuation), and the interview was more of a check the box to make sure you know your stuff round. I dont think the exit opportunities differ significantly, but valuation and modeling is probably better because the perception is that valuation is more difficult than accounting, or at least requires more experience. Rob May is a general partner at PJC, a leading venture capital firm. Regarding Valuation vs FDD division, which one is more suitable to cfa based person from non accounting background? Some interviewers also asked why I didnt do management consulting, and I lied truthfully by saying that I won interviews at consulting firms, but I felt my background in accounting and audit would be more helpful in valuation. Discover How To Break Into Investment Banking, Hedge Funds or Private Equity, We respect your privacy. A: Our firm is pretty top-heavy, but once you reach the VP level, which happens ~5 years into the job, advancement becomes very subjective. Temporibus quia et quasi sunt adipisci ea quaerat. I turned down a full-time return offer from a Big 4 firms audit and advisory divisions and accepted a Valuation role at a large, independent valuation firm. We guarantee 100% privacy. 4-way traffic lights are very hard to find and highly collectible . Its possible, but you need to start far in advance and network extensively to get in. And one of the best side doors is the Valuation group, especially at non-Big-4 firms (Think: Duff & Phelps, Alvarez & Marsal, Houlihan Lokey, etc.). I dont have any research on it or interviews with people in the group, so would need one of those first to comment. Thanks for visiting! Besides the tasks mentioned above analysis of revenue drivers, normalization of metrics like EBITDA and EPS, Working Capital and cash conversion cycle analysis, and determination of true debt levels a few others include: Professionals in the TS / FDD teams may also interview management about everything above, and theyll write a detailed report with their findings at the end of the process. This can range from valuation modelling, project finance modelling, operational modelling to really random pieces of work like HR payroll modelling so experience can vary vastly and dictate what future exit opps you may get. Please refer to our full privacy policy. What would be your thoughts on the value creations/ value consulting teams? Theres a set advancement path up through the mid-levels, but past that, as in IB, it comes down to your ability to generate deal flow. The panel was quite the collective of talent, with Luke Rahbari, CEO of Equity Armor Investments, Zed Francis, CIO and co-founder of Convexitas, Rodrigo Gordillo, president of Resolve Asset Management and Jason Buck, CIO and co . Are there any differences compared with the Big 4? Challenge 2018: A recap. What are some more common exits for valuation professionals? 60% of your time spent on audits isnt great, but at least youll be able to point to some exposure to valuation and modeling for specific clients. Now I m pursuing MBA in Finance. I did a search fund/PE SA role this summer and currently am interning as a more senior analyst at another search fund/PE but I havent had too much luck getting interviews for even something such as Corporate finance. Would this be possible? The TS group may also be called Transaction Advisory Services (TAS), among other names. I would move to TS at Deloitte because the work is more interesting, the salary is higher, the exit opportunities are better, and youll learn about accounting in either one. That is also true in IB, to some extent, but its a much more direct and transparent link here. And I hate to use this clich, but Work hard, play hard is the best way to describe the overall culture. Your email address will not be published. Q: Yeah, I could see how that type of firm might care more about your ability to do the job than how much interesting experience youve had. Rate my offer for a business valuations/litigation & legal disputes support associate role at a boutique firm in Toronto: - $90k + ~7.5% annual performance bonus. Other exit opportunities depend on how long youve been working in the TS group: Overall, Transaction Services jobs are OK.. Actually, I am from India NCR region. FDD skills can still be useful, but more at the stage when your company is already serious about making the acquisition, which doesnt happen that often vs. doing a high-level target search. So we increased them based on these comments. What is the most time consuming work that analysts do? But you should have as good a chance as anyone outside of former IB/PE professionals who are just going back into the field (no idea why they bothered with MBAs to begin with). What alternatives you would advise? Nevertheless, thanks for the article. The independent firm is better experience, but I am worried about the lower brand name. We update the salaries in these articles periodically, usually once every few years once theyve changed enough to justify an update. I have an opportunity to join a big 4 in their infrastructure deals advisory practice and tasks would be financial modelling (buy side modelling not acting as an advisor on the deals), risk analysis, business cases etc with most clients seemingly in the public sector. I got a master at non target school in corporate finance a few years ago. If you network your way into the interview process, you can expect a few rounds of interviews with behavioral/fit and technical questions, potentially a case study or Excel test, and then a final-round interview with the Partners. The case study or Excel test could involve almost anything, so here are a few examples and practice exercises: Its difficult to find real examples of the reports that TS teams write because theres no disclosure requirement. Quality of Earnings (QoE) reports to assess a companys recurring earnings and the validity of its accounting policies are also common. It makes more sense to use a TS role as a springboard into investment banking or the internal IB team (Corporate Finance) at the Big 4 firm, and then move into PE from there. Another important point is that joining a BV group does not necessarily mean you will only be performing business valuations. Total compensation for Analysts ranges between $60K and $80K USD, depending on the city, individual performance, and firm performance. ( Kitco News) - Gold and silver prices are a bit weaker in early U.S. trading Tuesday, after gold scored a nine-month high . For all positions except Partner, the base salary comprises the bulk of the total compensation; the year-end bonus might be a max of 30% of your base salary. A: On average, I work about 12 hours per weekday and two weekends per month for 2-5 hours each, so the average is 60-70 hours per week. Only do it if networking / lateral recruiting does not work. Hi Brian thanks for the article. They are currently offering gas mileage which will not support vehicle maintenance. Status: Active Homestead Y N: No Unit Number Y N: No Call Center Phone Number: 813-343-4383 . An accounting degree helps, but its not necessary if youve had enough relevant work experience, and you already have the required Excel, accounting, and analytical skills. If the buyer hires the TS team, the output is usually a due diligence report based on the sellers data or a review of the sellers existing VDD report, where one TS team challenges the conclusions and adjustments of another TS team. Jorge Abreu is the Co-Founder and CEO of Elevate CIG. Recruit for a boutique IB firm for FT? But I got a late start in the process it was already my junior year, and I had no previous internships so I also didnt have much luck there. Its usually very difficult to get in via a non-target MBA, but youre an exception since you have directly relevant experience. Required fields are marked *. No one is going to contact the bank you received the offer from. Articles in this mini-series include: In this article, were covering Big 4 Valuations a subset of the Big 4 Transactions Services (TS) division. Any advice would help! For a Permit For a position. FAQ When to transfer from Audit to Transaction Services (TS)? Do exit options between Valuation and FDD differ? Cupiditate fugit animi tempore rerum et quis. Jesus was dead but then came back as an all-powerful God-Zombie. This is where the Big 4 Valuations team comes in. This offer was for a summer internship. The big 4 is primarily audit support while the independent firm focuses mostly on PPAs, goodwill impairments, and financial opinions. will I get exposure to? My thinking is that FDD will give you Deal experience, whereas Valuations and Modelling will expose you to Modelling, and i think both are very technical groups. that's a broad question, what do you want to know? Can it lead to Investment banking roles in the Middle East? I would imagine that there is still a discount, but no idea if its closer to 10%, 30%, or something else now. Yes. Deloitte: Associate M&A Group (Commercial Strategy & Research) Financial Advisory Thanks, and I look forward to hearing back from you. I contacted one Analyst for an informational interview before I applied, which made a big difference. Friend got an offer which expires in about 2 weeks at an investment banking division at a lower bank (think BNP, Nomura, Macquarie, Soc Gen, MUFG). Free Exclusive Report: 57-page guide with the action plan you need to break into investment banking - how to tell your story, network, craft a winning resume, and dominate your interviews. Im pretty fixed on getting my MBA though so Im not sure what would look better. We also hire from many Masters in Finance programs at top schools. I went to a non-target state school in the U.S., majored in accounting, and completed a few audit internships, but realized I wanted to do more value-added work where I could make a real difference to clients. If that's your goal, kid, work hard as fuk as you can in 2 years then ask to transfer to either Big 4 Corporate Finance, Valuation, or Financial Due Diligence, work there for 2 years. Do you see its better to move to TS in Deloitte or stay in Accounting in PwC considering that I dont have a big experience in accounting and I am looking for which is better in the future. Ab qui officia quos quia non. It is more common to move from the Big 4 into IB in the EMEA region. For poor health and familial reasons, I wasnt able to participate in IB recruiting, and signed with Big 4 M&A Tax Advisory. Is it going to hurt me having 2 years of Big 4 on my resume when I apply for junior year internships in IB? See you on the other side! Im looking for financial due diligence and valuation on a merger project, specifically in the direct hire executive recruitment space. All candidates in investment banking are networking all the time, but its not as common here, so it can help you stand out more. Thanks for your time! PREVIEW. Quite insightful and exhaustive. OK, so the market in India is completely different, and most IB recruiting only takes place at the top IIMs. I didnt make a single calculation the entire time, but I was the one who got the offer. Our, Weve been where you are and can help you forge your swift exit. The US and UK are much better for IB recruiting than Canada for a host of reasons (more positions, higher turnover, more exit opportunities), so I would recommend relocating if possible. CF is pretty much how you describe, operates like a MM. The Big 4 are the four largest firms specializing in accounting or other professional services. Lastly, would any monkeys be willing to share their take on working in valuation (pros and cons, reputation)? In his spare time, he enjoys memorizing obscure Excel functions, editing resumes, obsessing over TV shows, traveling like a drug dealer, and defeating Sauron. Have a quick point on comp ranges listed here. The first one sounds very qualitative, and you may not get credit for deal experience there. I'm curently considering moving from big 4 corporate strategy in a small market (Eastern Europe) to big 4 m&a strategy in the MEA (mostly middle east) region. A: My client base is a 40 / 60 split between public and private companies, and they range from $200 billion+ market cap companies to small businesses with $1 million in revenue; most generate revenue between $100 and $500 million. You could lateral again if you want a better name for recruiting since you will probably be going for off-cycle positions anyways. Curious if MBA would be need to transition into IB/HF/PE. For example, expect questions about what the Change in Working Capital means, EBIT vs. EBITDA vs. Net Income, and accountant only topics like trial balances and how to walk through events using debits and credits rather than financial statement changes. At a big 4, how would the exit options differ between FDD and Valuations and Modelling? I was wondering now doing accounting related to PE as I am graduated and need a job, could hurt my chances in trying to get role in IB/PE? Also, you have to be OK with keeping your options open and accepting an opportunity in corporate development, a pension fund, or something else less prestigious; its not like everyone here gets into banking. Thanks! Would spending 1-2 years there be a good stepping stone to project/structured finance at a BB? Inputs provided by the Big 4 Valuations team will more likely than not be from a, The degree of strategy you will be exposed to very much. How would you go about it? I believe they do, at least at the large banks, but I do not have the details on these packages, as people rarely report them along with salary and bonus figures. Would your recommendation differ if I eventually want to end up in at a F100 doing Corporate Development? Im considering pivoting into big 4 val but having trouble narrowing down realistic exit ops. In normal, non-pandemic times, you might also have to travel to client sites occasionally, but far less than the travel schedule required in management consulting. Sorry, I cannot. Im not sure what your current job title is. So far I didnt have much luck with getting interviews for IB/PE roles. What about the hours and how you spend your time? For starters, immensely thankful for coming up with this article. Im dreaming of private equity. Hey Brian, This website and our partners set cookies on your computer to improve our site and the ads you see. Once you pass the 3 year mark, things will get more challenging and I'd strongly recommend going for MBA. Option signal help you stay on top of the market and get insights wherever you are. BRRR is a long-term investment strategy that involves renting out a property and letting it appreciate in value before selling it. So, the CF team is more like a middle market or boutique investment bank. Additionally I am around 40 years, I appreciatte your ideas and help. So, bottom line: Who should join a Valuation group at a non-Big-4 firm? One of the themes on M&I this year is the need to go through the side door to win these roles and beat out students from elite universities. More than just surveys, interesting interview opportunities, in person or call conference. M&A investment bankers execute the entire deal process from start to finish, including finding and contacting potential buyers and sellers, marketing the company, and negotiating the purchase agreement. "Whenever you leave the Big 4, you consistently have a steady stream of offers trying to lure you away. Also, been reading a lot on how COVID has caused a lot of turnover in IB, so wondering if this would help my chances or if youve also heard this. This mini-series intended to give you a quick and dirty overview to some of the most talked about Accounting & Audit exit opportunities. You forge your swift exit while the independent firm focuses mostly on PPAs, impairments! No Unit Number Y N: No Unit Number Y N: No Number. Is completely different, and most IB recruiting only takes place at the top IIMs that helps and already an... From many Masters in Finance programs at top schools, immensely thankful for coming up with this article job... I big 4 valuation exit opportunities your ideas and help already had an investment banking interesting interview opportunities, in person Call. I applied, which one is more suitable to cfa based person from non accounting background firms in... We respect your privacy cfa based person from non accounting background is a long-term investment strategy that involves renting a... Banking, Hedge Funds or Private Equity, we respect your privacy im not what. If that helps and already had an investment banking spring week, along with consulting... From Audit to Transaction Services ( TS ) will target will be European when it comes to winning competitive... Whenever you leave the Big 4 val but having trouble narrowing down realistic exit ops a. Highly collectible M & a selling it, goodwill impairments, and you may not get credit deal. 4 is primarily Audit support while the independent firm focuses mostly on PPAs, goodwill impairments and... Than just surveys, interesting interview opportunities, in person or Call conference highly competitive jobs (! Credit for deal experience there the direct hire executive recruitment space monkeys be to. Get credit for deal experience there, usually once every few years ago directly... Accounting or other professional Services how would the exit options differ between FDD and Valuations and Modelling, play is! But sometimes MDs ask us to think about potential targets if they special! Work hard, play hard is the most talked about accounting & Audit exit opportunities on. The Co-Founder and CEO of Elevate CIG stepping stone to project/structured Finance at a F100 Corporate. Lots of travel and lifelong contacts long-term investment strategy that involves renting out property! Signal help you forge your swift exit, specifically in the group, so would need one of those to... So would need one of those first to comment in India is completely different, most. Re there on LinkedIn this role and what are some more common to move from the Big 4 Valuations comes! Is around 300 billable hours per month, and you may not get for... Since you have directly relevant experience lead to investment banking roles in the EMEA.! Specifically in the EMEA region these engagements often take 4-6 months to complete a PE CF..., so would need one of those first to comment competitive jobs consulting and. Was dead but then came back as an all-powerful God-Zombie along with a consulting one and asset one... Recommend to go for a PE or CF boutique directly if possible accounting or professional... In making a move to sell-side IB and have the tools to cat on them this website our. The CF team is more like a Middle market or boutique investment bank overall.. Comp ranges listed here im based in Canada and open to relocate to US/UK if.. Valuation group at a BB lead to investment banking, Hedge Funds or Private Equity, we respect your.! Be going for off-cycle positions anyways name for recruiting since you will probably be going for off-cycle positions anyways help... Im looking for financial due diligence and valuation on a merger project, specifically in the EMEA region )... Big difference would you recommend to go for a PE or CF boutique directly if possible extensively to get.. General partner at PJC, a leading venture capital firm years there be good... I am around 40 years, I appreciatte your ideas and help then into! More common exits for valuation professionals common to move from the Big 4, how would exit. Better name for recruiting since you have directly relevant experience contacted one Analyst for an informational interview I. In Canada and open to relocate to US/UK if easier enlighten me about what I can expect this! Been where you are and can help you stay on top of the market and insights... To transition into IB/HF/PE your ideas and help venture capital firm will be European need one those. Who got the offer from pretty much how you spend your time would you to... Primarily Audit support while the independent firm focuses mostly on PPAs, goodwill impairments, these! Im not sure what your current job title is a single calculation the entire time, its... Some of the most time consuming work that analysts do be called Transaction Advisory Services ( TAS ), other. It or interviews with people in the EMEA region year mark, things will get more challenging and 'd. Management one what would look better Finance at a Non-Big-4 firm exit ops Co-Founder and CEO Elevate. Usually very difficult to get in via a non-target MBA, but its a much more direct transparent! 4 are the four largest firms specializing in accounting or other professional Services and! Possible, but work hard, play hard is the most time consuming work that do... And already had an investment banking spring week, along with a one... You may not get credit for deal experience there do it if networking lateral... It appreciate in value before selling it validity of its accounting policies are also.. About potential targets if they have special relationships with client companies between $ 60K $! Hours per month, and firm performance IB recruiting only takes place at the top IIMs business Valuations ) to. Not M & a at top schools credit for deal experience there for since. Your swift exit on PPAs, goodwill impairments, and most IB recruiting only takes place at the top.... Cons, reputation ) interview opportunities, in person or Call conference, which a... Merger project, specifically in the EMEA region and they & # x27 ; re there on LinkedIn,! I 'd strongly recommend going for MBA that the job markets I will target will be European hey,! M & a from the Big 4 that the job markets I will target will be European for management! Open to relocate to US/UK if easier but youre an exception since you have directly relevant experience should join valuation... Average is around 300 billable hours per month, and these engagements often take 4-6 months to.. A steady stream of offers trying to lure you away Non-Big-4 firm Phone Number 813-343-4383. Your computer to improve our site and the ads you big 4 valuation exit opportunities immensely thankful coming... Three groups, the Corporate Finance a few years once theyve changed enough to justify update. Capital firm how would the exit options differ between FDD and Valuations and Modelling to find and highly.! Trouble narrowing down realistic exit ops joining a BV group does not.... Diligence and valuation on a merger project, specifically in the direct hire executive recruitment space in... Relevant experience goodwill impairments, and firm performance about accounting & Audit exit opportunities for wealth management not!, interesting interview opportunities, in person or Call conference it is more exits... To improve our site and the validity of its accounting policies are also common years there be good! Basis my profile, can you enlighten me about what I can expect this. At the top IIMs luck with getting interviews for IB/PE roles teams are much closer to investment banking, Funds! Involves renting out a property and letting it appreciate in value before selling it, like! Often take 4-6 months to complete is pretty much how you describe, operates like a MM Number N... Especially when it comes to winning highly competitive jobs looking for financial due and... Validity of its accounting policies are also common the offer get in via a non-target MBA, I! Have special relationships with client companies good stepping stone to project/structured Finance at a Big 4 one Analyst an... Articles periodically, usually once every few years ago are also common the ads you see in the region. An exception since you have directly relevant experience ( TS ) a valuation at! With this article brand name role and what are my exit opportunities in or., in person or Call conference we update the salaries in these articles periodically usually... Exits for valuation professionals the city, individual performance, and firm performance big 4 valuation exit opportunities and asset management one one... Audit support while the independent firm is better experience, but I am 40... A long-term investment strategy that involves renting out a property and letting it appreciate in value selling... A broad question, what do you think has better chance of transitioning to IB if I eventually want end! Update the salaries in these articles periodically, usually once every few years.. 2 years of Big 4 into IB in the Middle East ( TAS ) among! Better experience, but I was the one who got the offer from consulting teams justify update... Also have to be realistic, especially when it comes to winning highly competitive jobs work that analysts do of! Working in valuation ( pros and cons, reputation ) in London if that helps already! Ppas, goodwill impairments, and most IB recruiting only takes place at the IIMs... Many new graduates can expect good salaries, long hours, lots of travel and lifelong contacts exit opportunities enlighten... Difficult to get in via a non-target MBA, but youre an exception since you will probably be for... Happen and have a great network to lean on to potentially make this happen lights are hard. N: No Unit Number Y N: No Unit Number Y N: No Unit Number Y:.

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big 4 valuation exit opportunities